Botany First Year, I -Semester Syllabus

GIRRAJ GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A),NIZAMABAD

B.Sc., BOTANY

First Year, I -Semester

Paper-I; Microbial Diversity and Lower Plants

DSC - 1A                                                                                                                 (4 hrs. /week)                                                                                        

                                                                                                                                          Credits- 4                                 

                                                                Theory Syllabus                                               (60 hours)

UNIT – I                                                                                                                            (15 hours) 

1.      Bacteria: Structure, nutrition, reproduction and economic importance. Brief account of Archaebacteria, Actinomycetes and Mycoplasma with reference to little leaf of Brinjal and Papaya leaf curl

2.      Viruses: Structure, replication and transmission; plant diseases caused by viruses and their control with reference to Tobacco Mosaic and Rice Tungro.

3.      An outline of plant diseases of important crop plants caused by bacteria and their control with reference to Angular leaf spot of cotton and Bacterial blight of Rice.

 UNIT-II                                                                                                                         (15 hours)

1.      General characters, structure, reproduction and classification of algae (Fritsch)

2.      Cyanobacteria: General characters, cell structure their significance as biofertilizers with special reference to Oscillatoria, Nostoc and Anabaena.

3.      Structure and reproduction of the following: Chlorophyceae- Volvox, Oedogonium and Chara. Phaeophyceae- Ectocarpus Rhodophyceae- Polysiphonia.

 UNIT-III                                                                                                                        (15 hours )

1.      General characters and classification of fungi (Ainsworth).

2.      Structure and reproduction of the following: (a) Mastigimycotina- Albugo (b) Zygomycotina- Mucor (c) Ascomycotina- Saccharomyces and Penicillium. (d) Basidiomycotina- Puccinia (e) Deuteromycotina- Cercospora.

3.      Economic importance of lichens

UNIT-IV                                                                                                                        (15 hours )

1.      Bryophytes: Structure, reproduction, life cycle and systematic position of Marchantia, Anthoceros and Polytrichum, Evolution of Sporophyte in Bryophytes.

2.      Pteridophytes: Structure, reproduction, life cycle and systematic position of Rhynia, Lycopodium, Equisetum and Marsilea.

3.      Stelar evolution, heterospory and seed habit in Pteridophytes.

References:

1.      Alexopolous, J. and W. M. Charles. 1988. Introduction to Mycology. Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.

2.       Mckane, L. and K. Judy. 1996. Microbiology – Essentials and Applications. McGraw Hill, New York.

3.      Pandey, B. P. 2001. College Botany, Vol. I: Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bacteria, Viruses, Plant Pathology, Industrial Microbiology and Bryophyta. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

4.      Pandey, B. P. 2007. Botany for Degree Students: Diversity of Microbes, Cryptogams, Cell Biology and Genetics. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

5.      Sambamurthy, A. V. S. S. 2006. A Textbook of Plant Pathology. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

6.      Sambamurthy, A. V. S. S. 2006. A Textbook of Algae. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

7.      Sharma, O. P. 1992. Textbook of Thallophyta. McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.

8.      Thakur, A. K. and S. K. Bassi. 2008. A Textbook of Botany: Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

9.      Vashishta, B. R., A. K. Sinha and V. P. Singh. 2008. Botany for Degree Students: Algae. S. Chand& Company Ltd, New Delhi.

10.  Vashishta, B. R. 1990. Botany for Degree Students: Fungi, S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

11.  Dutta A.C. 2016. Botany for Degree Students. Oxford University Press.

12.  Watson, E. V. 1974. The structure and life of Bryophytes, B. I. Publications, New Delhi.

13.  Pandey, B. P. 2006. College Botany, Vol. II: Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Paleobotany. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

14.  Vashishta, P. C., A. K. Sinha and Anil Kumar. 2006. Botany - Pteridophyta (Vascular Cryptogams). . Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

15.  Pandey, B. P. 2001. College Botany, Vol. I: Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bacteria, Viruses, Plant Pathology, Industrial Microbiology and Bryophyta. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

16.  Pandey, B. P. 2007. Botany for Degree Students: Diversity of Microbes, Cryptogams, Cell Biology and Genetics. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

17.  Thakur, A. K. and S. K. Bassi. 2008. A Textbook of Botany: Diversity of Microbes and Cryptogams. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi.

18.  Vashishta, B. R., A. K. Sinha and Adarsha Kumar. 2008. Botany for Degree Students: Bryophyta. S. Chand & Company Ltd, New Delhi

  

                                      

GIRRAJ GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A), NIZAMABAD

B.Sc., BOTANY

First Year   Semester - I

Paper-I; Microbial Diversity and Lower Plants

Practical Syllabus                                                                                   (45 hours)

1.      Study of viruses and bacteria using electron micrographs (photographs).

2.      Gram staining of Bacteria.

3.      Study of symptoms of plant diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, Mycoplasma and fungi: Viruses: Tobacco mosaic Bacteria: Angular leaf spot of cotton and Rice tungro. Mycoplasma: Little leaf of Brinjal and Leaf curl of Papaya Fungi: White rust on Crucifers, Rust on wheat & Tikka disease of Groundnut.

4.      Vegetative and reproductive structures of the following taxa:

Algae: Oscillatoria, Nostoc, Volvox, Oedogonium,Chara, Ectocarpus and Polysiphonia.

 Fungi: Albugo, Mucor,Saccharomyces, Penicillium, Puccinia and Cercospora

5.      Section cutting of diseased material infected by Fungi and identification of pathogens as per theory syllabus.

White rust of Crucifers,

Rust on wheat & Tikka disease of Groundnut.

6.      Lichens: Different types of thalli and their external morphology

7.      Examination of important microbial, fungal and algal products: Biofertilizers, protein capsules, antibiotics, mushrooms, Agar-agar etc.

8.      Field visits to places of algal / microbial / fungal interest (e.g. Mushroom cultivation, water bodies).

9.      Study of Morphology (vegetative and reproductive structures) and anatomy of the following Bryophytes: Marchantia, Anthoceros and Polytrichum.

10.  Study of Morphology (vegetative and reproductive structures) and anatomy of the following Pteridophytes: Lycopodium, Equisetum and Marsilea.

11.  Study of Anatomical features of Lycopodium stem, Equisetum stem and Marsilea petiole & rhizome by preparing double stained permanent mounts.

GIRRAJ GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A), NIZAMABAD

B.Sc., BOTANY

First Year, I -Semester

Paper-I; Microbial Diversity and Lower Plants

Practical Model Paper

 Time : 3 hrs                                                                                                           Max. Marks: 50

       I.            Identify the given components ‘A’&‘B’ in the algal mixture.                      2 X 5 = 10M

            (Describe with neat labeled diagrams & give reasons for the classification.

    II.            Classify the given bacterial culture ‘C’ using Gram – staining technique.       4M

 III.            Take a transverse section of given diseased material ‘D’.                                   6M

                Identify & describe the symptoms caused by the pathogen. 

 IV.            Take a transverse section of given material ‘É’ and prepare a temporary slide.     9M

             Identify and describe it with a labeled diagram                     

                      

    V.            Identify the given specimens ‘F’, ‘G’ & ‘H’ by giving reasons.                  3 X 2 = 6M

                  (Fungal-1, Bacteria-1 & Viral-1)                                   

 VI.            Comment on the given slides ‘I’ & ‘J’                                                         2 X 2 = 4M

           (Algae-1, Fungi-1)                           

VII.            Identify the given specimen ‘K’ & slides ‘L’, ‘M’                                      3 X 2 = 6M

                   (Bryophytes & Pteridophytes )

VIII.            Record                                                                                                                        5M

  

GIRRAJ GOVERNMENT COLLEGE (A), NIZAMABAD

B.Sc., BOTANY

First Year, I -Semester

Paper-I; Microbial Diversity and Lower Plants

Practical Question Bank

 Time: 3 hrs                                                                                                           Max. Marks: 50

I.            Identify the given components ‘A’&‘B’ in the algal mixture.                              2 X 5 = 10M

      (Describe with neat labeled diagrams & give reasons for the classifications.)

          (Slide Preparation – 1; Classification – ½ ; Diagram – ½ ; Description – 2)                                         

1.      Oscillatoria,

2.      Nostoc,

3.      Volvox

4.      Oedogonium

5.      Chara

6.      Ectocarpus

7.      Polysiphonia

II.            Classify the given bacterial culture ‘D’ using Gram – staining technique.                     4M

(Procedure – 1,     Identification –  1, Diagram – 1) 

8.      Gram Positive Bacteria

9.      Gram Negative Bacteria

III.            Prepare Transverse Section of the diseased material as a temporary mount ‘E’. Identify the pathogen giving reasons and describe with the help of diagrams                                    6M

       (Preparation – 1, Identification – 1, Diagram – 1, Description – 2 Classification – 1)

10.  White Rust on Crucifers

11.  Rust on Wheat

12.  Tikka Disease of Groundnut

IV.            Prepare a transverse section of given material ‘É’ and prepare a temporary slide.        9M

      Identify and describe it with a labeled diagram                     

     (Preparation – 1, Identification – 1, Diagram – 2, Description – 2, Classification - 1)

        13. Lycopodium Stem

        14. Equisetum Stem

        15. Marsilea Petiole/Rhizome

     

V.            Identify the given specimens ‘F’, ‘G’ & ‘H’ by giving reasons.                    3 X 2 = 6M

                  (Fungal-1, Bacteria-1 & Viral-1)     

16.  Tobacco Mosaic Virus

17.  Angular Leaf Spot of Cotton

18.  Papaya Leaf Curl

19.  Rice Tungro Disease

20.  Puccinia rust on Wheat

21.  Puccinia rust on Barberry

22.  Leaf blight of Rice

23.  Citrus Canker

24.  Little Leaf of Brinjal

25.  White Rust on Crucifers

26.  Tikka Disease of Groundnut

27.  Crustose Lichens

28.  Foliose Lichens

29.  Fruticose Lichens

VI.            Comment on the given slides ‘I’ & ‘J’                                                                     2 X 2 = 4M

           (Fungi-2)       

1.      Albugo conidia-

2.      Albugo Oospore

3.      Mucor Vegetative

4.      Saccharomycese Vegetative/Budding

5.      Penicillium Condia

6.      Penicillium ascocarp

7.      Puccinia Uredial stage

8.      Puccinia telial Stage

9.      Puccinia Pycnidial Stage

10.  Puccinia Aecial Stage

11.  Cercospora Conidia

VII.            Identify the given specimen ‘K’ & Slide ‘L’                                                       2 X 3 = 6 M

                   (Bryophytes & Pteridophytes )

Specimens:

12.  Marchantia thallus with gemma cups

13.   Marchantia thallus with antheridiophore

14.   Marchantia thallus with archegoniophore

15.   Anthoceros thallus

16.   Anthoceros with sporophyte

17.   Polytrichium with sporophyte

18.   Lycopodium with cone

19.   Equisetum with cone

20.  Marsilea with sporocarp

Slides:

21.  Marchantia thallus V.S.

22.  Marchantia thallus with gemma cups

23.  Marchantia antheridiophore L.S.

24.  Marchantia archegoniophre L.S.

25.  Marchantia sporophyte V.S.

26.  Anthoceros thallus V.S.

27.  Anthoceros thallus with antheridia

28.  Anthoceros thallus with archegonia

29.  Anthoceros sporophyte L.S.

30.  Polytrichum leaf T.S.

31.  Polytrichum stem T.S.

32.  Polytrichum antheridial branch

33.  Polytrichum archegonial branch

34.  Polytrichum capsule L.S.

35.  Rhynia (Fossil slide)

36.  Lycopodium strobiuls L.S.

37.  Equisetum strobilus L.S.

38.  Marsilea sporocarp V.S.

VIII.            Record                                                                                                                 5M